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1
FEATURES
POWER MOS TECHNOLOGY -- 2A peak rating
HIGH GAIN BANDWIDTH PRODUCT -- 150MHz
VERY FAST SLEW RATE -- 200V/s
PROTECTED OUTPUT STAGE -- Thermal shutoff
EXCELLENT LINEARITY -- Class A/B output
WIDE SUPPLY RANGE -- 12V to 40V
LOW BIAS CURRENT, LOW NOISE -- FET input
APPLICATIONS
VIDEO DISTRIBUTION AND AND AMPLIFICATION
HIGH SPEED DEFLECTION CIRCUITS
POWER TRANSDUCERS TO 2MHz
COAXIAL LINE DRIVERS
POWER LED OR LASER DIODE EXCITATION
DESCRIPTION
The PA09 is a high voltage, high output current operational
amplifier optimized to drive a variety of loads from DC through
the video frequency range. Excellent input accuracy is achieved
with a dual monolithic FET input transistor which is cascoded
by two high voltage transistors to provide outstanding common
mode characteristics. All internal current and voltage levels
are referenced to a zener diode biased on by a current source.
As a result, the PA09 exhibits superior DC and AC stability
over a wide supply and temperature range.
High speed and freedom from second breakdown is assured
by a complementary Power MOS output stage. For optimum
linearity, especially at low levels, the Power MOS transistors
are biased in the class A/B mode. Thermal shutoff provides
full protection against overheating and limits the heatsink
requirements to dissipate the internal power losses under
normal operating conditions. A built-in current limit protects the
amplifier against overloading. Transient inductive load kickback
protection is provided by two internal clamping diodes. External
phase compensation allows the user maximum flexibility in
obtaining the optimum slew rate and gain bandwidth product
at all gain settings. For continuous operation under load, a
heatsink of proper rating is recommended.
This hybrid integrated circuit utilizes thick film (cermet) resis-
tors, ceramic capacitors and silicon semiconductor chips to
maximize reliability, minimize size and give top performance.
Ultrasonically bonded aluminum wires provide reliable intercon-
nections at all operating temperatures. The CE, 8-pin TO-3
package is hermeti-
cally sealed and elec-
trically isolated. The
use of com-pressible
thermal washers and/
or improper mounting
torque will void the
product warranty.
Please see "General
Operating Consider-
ations".
DEFLECTION AMPLIFIER (FIGURE 1)
The deflection amplifier circuit of Figure 1 achieves arbi-
trary beam positioning for a fast heads-up display. Maximum
transition times are 4s while delivering 2A pk currents to the
13mH coil. The key to this circuit is the sense resistor (R
S
)
which converts yoke current to voltage for op amp feedback.
This negative feedback forces the coil current to stay exactly
proportional to the control voltage. The network consisting of
R
D
, R
F
and C
F
serves to shift from a current feedback via R
S
to
a direct voltage feedback at high frequencies. This removes
the extra phase shift caused by the inductor thus preventing
oscillation. See Application Note 5 for details of this and other
precision magnetic deflection circuits.
EQUIVALENT SCHEMATIC
EXTERNAL CONNECTIONS
8-PIN TO-3
PACKAGE STYLE CE
APEX MICROTECHNOLOGY CORPORATION 5980 NORTH SHANNON ROAD TUCSON, ARIZONA 85741 USA APPLICATIONS HOTLINE: 1 (800) 546-2739
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ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
SPECIFICATIONS
SPECIFICATIONS
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
SUPPLY VOLTAGE, +V
S
to V
S
80V
OUTPUT CURRENT, within SOA
5A
POWER DISSIPATION, internal
1
78W
INPUT VOLTAGE, differential
40V
INPUT VOLTAGE, common mode
V
S
TEMPERATURE, pin solder - 10s
300C
TEMPERATURE, junction
1
150C
TEMPERATURE RANGE, storage
65 to +150C
OPERATING TEMPERATURE RANGE, case
55 to +125C
PA09
PA09A
PARAMETER
TEST CONDITIONS
2
MIN
TYP
MAX
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNITS
INPUT
OFFSET VOLTAGE, initial
.5
3
.25
.5
mV
OFFSET VOLTAGE, vs. temperature
Full temperature range
10
30
5
10
V/C
OFFSET VOLTAGE, vs. supply
10
*
V/V
BIAS CURRENT, initial
5
100
3
20
pA
BIAS CURRENT, vs. supply
.01
*
pA/V
OFFSET CURRENT, initial
2.5
50
1.5
10
pA
INPUT IMPEDANCE, DC
10
11
*
INPUT CAPACITANCE
6
*
pF
COMMON MODE VOLTAGE RANGE
3
Full temperature range
V
S
10 V
S
8
*
*
V
COMMON MODE REJECTION, DC
Full temperature range, V
CM
= 20V
104
*
dB
GAIN
OPEN LOOP GAIN at 15Hz
R
L
= 1k
80
98
*
dB
GAIN BANDWIDTH PRODUCT at 1MHz C
C
= 5pF
150
*
MHz
POWER BANDWIDTH
R
L
= 15, C
C
= 5pF
750
*
KHz
POWER BANDWIDTH
R
L
= 15, C
C
= 100pF
150
*
KHz
OUTPUT
VOLTAGE SWING
3
Full temperature range, I
O
= 2A
V
S
8 V
S
7
*
*
V
CURRENT, PEAK
4.5
*
A
SETTLING TIME to 1%
4V step, C
C
= 100pF
.75
*
s
SETTLING TIME to .1%
4V step, C
C
= 100pF
1.3
*
s
SLEW RATE
C
C
= 5pF
220
*
V/s
SLEW RATE
C
C
= 100pF
25
*
V/s
RESISTANCE
7.5
*
POWER SUPPLY
VOLTAGE
Full temperature range
12
35
40
*
*
*
V
CURRENT, quiescent
70
85
*
*
mA
THERMAL
RESISTANCE, AC junction to case
4
Full temperature range, F > 60Hz
1.2
1.3
*
*
C/W
RESISTANCE, DC junction to case
Full temperature range, F < 60Hz
1.6
1.8
*
*
C/W
RESISTANCE, junction to air
Full temperature range
30
*
C/W
TEMPERATURE RANGE, case
Meets full range specifications
25
25
+ 85
*
*
*
C
PA09 PA09A
The internal substrate contains beryllia (BeO). Do not break the seal. If accidentally broken, do not crush, machine, or
subject to temperatures in excess of 850C to avoid generating toxic fumes.
CAUTION
NOTES: * The specification of PA09A is identical to the specification for PA09 in applicable column to the left.
1. Long term operation at the maximum junction temperature will result in reduced product life. Derate power dissipation to achieve
high MTTF.
2. Unless otherwise noted: T
C
= 25C, supply voltage = 35V.
3. +V
S
and -V
S
denote the positive and negative supply rail respectively. Total V
S
is measured from +V
S
to V
S
.
4. Rating applies if the output current alternates between both output transistors at a rate faster than 60Hz.
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TYPICAL PERFORMANCE
GRAPHS
PA09 PA09A
APEX MICROTECHNOLOGY CORPORATION 5980 NORTH SHANNON ROAD TUCSON, ARIZONA 85741 USA APPLICATIONS HOTLINE: 1 (800) 546-2739
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OPERATING
CONSIDERATIONS
PA09 PA09A
GENERAL
Please read Application Note 1 "General Operating Con-
siderations" which covers stability, supplies, heat sinking,
mounting, current limit, SOA interpretation, and specification
interpretation. Visit www.apexmicrotech.com for design tools
that help automate tasks such as calculations for stability,
internal power dissipation, current limit; heat sink selection;
Apex's complete Application Notes library; Technical Seminar
Workbook; and Evaluation Kits.
SUPPLY VOLTAGE
The specified voltage (V
S
) applies for a dual () supply
having equal voltages. A nonsymmetrical (ie. +70/10V) or a
single supply (ie. 80V) may be used as long as the total volt-
age between the +V
S
and V
S
rails does not exceed the sum
of the voltages of the specified dual supply.
SAFE OPERATING AREA (SOA)
The MOSFET output stage of this power operational ampli-
fier has two distinct limitations:
1. The current handling capability of the MOSFET geometry
and the wire bonds.
2. The junction temperature of the output MOSFETs.
SAFE OPERATING AREA CURVES
The SOA curves combine the effect of these limits and allow
for internal thermal delays. For a given application, the direc-
tion and magnitude of the output current should be calculated
or measured and checked against the SOA curves. This is
simple for resistive loads but more complex for reactive and
EMF generating loads. The following guidelines may save
extensive analytical efforts:
1. Capacitive and inductive loads up to the following maximums
are safe:
V
S
CAPACITIVE LOAD
INDUCTIVE LOAD
40V
.1F
11mH
30V
500F
24mH
20V
2500F
75mH
15V
100mH
2. Short circuits to ground are safe with dual supplies up to
20V.
3. The output stage is protected against transient flyback.
However, for protection against sustained, high energy
flyback, external fast-recovery diodes should be used.
BYPASSING OF SUPPLIES
Each supply rail must be bypassed to common with a
tantalum capacitor of at least 47F in parallel with a .47F
ceramic capacitor directly connected from the power supply
pins to the ground plane.
OUTPUT LEADS
Keep the output leads as short as possible. In the video
frequency range, even a few inches of wire have significant
inductance, raising the interconnection impedance and limit-
ing the output current slew rate. Furthermore, the skin effect
increases the resistance of heavy wires at high frequencies.
Multistrand Litz Wire is recommended to carry large video
currents with low losses.
GROUNDING
Single point grounding of the input resistors and the input
signal to a common ground plane will prevent undesired current
feedback, which can cause large errors and/or instabilities.
"Single point" is a key phrase here; a ground plane should
be used as shielding rather than a current path. Leaving the
case of the PA09 floating will cause oscillations in some ap-
plications.
COMPENSATION
The PA09 is extremely flexible in terms of choice of com-
pensation capacitor for any given gain. The most common
ranges are shown in the COMPENSATION typical performance
graph. Swinging closer to the supply rails, heavier loads, faster
input signal rise and fall times and higher supply voltages all
tend to demand larger values of compensation capacitor. This
capacitor must be rated at least as high as the total voltage
applied to the amplifier. In making specific value choices, use
the square wave stability test presented in APPLICATION
NOTE 19, Figures 40 and 41.
In addition to small signal testing, if the application includes
step functions in the input signal, use this circuit to measure
large signal response. By increasing square wave amplitude to
the maximum of the application, this test may show significant
distortion of the output waveform following the square wave
transitions. In this case the faster input stages of the PA09
are out-running the output stage and overload recovery time
creates the distortion. This speed relationship is also why
slew rate does not increase for compensation values below
about 27pF.
SUPPLY CURRENT
When swinging large signals, the output stage of the PA09
demands extra supply current. The following graphs illustrate
this current for several conditions for both sine and square
wave signals. Current is exclusive of any load current and will
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PA09 PA09A
affect both supply rating and thermal ratings. When calculat-
ing internal power dissipation, multiply this current times total
supply voltage.
Note that swinging closer to the supply rail demands more
current. Output voltage is given as peak. Currents are aver-
age responding supply readings, but AC monitoring will reveal
current pulses corresponding to periods of high slew rate.
For example, driving 30V outputs at 500KHz on 40V sup-
plies produces a .8A pulse during negative slew and a 1.2A
pulse during positive slew. If the input signal is over driven
by several times the output swing capability, pulses up to 4A
may be seen.
THERMAL SHUTDOWN PROTECTION
The thermal protection circuit shuts off the amplifier when
the substrate temperature exceeds approximately 150C. This
allows heatsink selection to be based on normal operating
conditions while protecting the amplifier against excessive
junction temperature during temporary fault conditions.
Thermal protection is a fairly slow-acting circuit and therefore
does not protect the amplifier against transient SOA violations
(areas outside of the T
C
= 25C boundary). It is designed to
protect against short-term fault conditions that result in high
power dissipation within the amplifier, If the conditions that
cause thermal shutdown are not removed, the amplifier will
OPERATING
CONSIDERATIONS
oscillate in and out of shutdown. This will result in high peak
power stresses, destroy signal integrity, and reduce the reli-
ability of the device.
STABILITY
Due to its large bandwidth the PA09 is more likely to os-
cillate than lower bandwidth Power Operational Amplifiers.
To prevent oscillations a reasonable phase margin must be
maintained by:
1. Pay very careful attention to supply bypassing and circuit
grounding. This is very important when step functions are
driven and the PA09 shares supplies with more active
devices.
2. Keeping the external sumpoint stray capacitance to ground
at a minimum and the sumpoint load resistance (input and
feedback resistors in parallel) below 500. Larger sumpoint
load resistances can be used with increased phase com-
pensation and/or bypassing of the feedback resistor.
3. Connect the case to a local AC ground potential.
CURRENT LIMIT
Internal current limiting is provided in the PA09. Note the
current limit curve given under typical performance graphs is
based on junction temperature. If the amplifier is operated at
cold junction temperatures, current limit could be as high as 8
amps. This is above the maximum allowed current on the SOA
curve of 5 amps. Systems using this part must be designed to
keep the maximum output current to less than 5 amps under all
conditions. The internal current limit only provides this protec-
tion for junction temperatures of 80C and above.
This data sheet has been carefully checked and is believed to be reliable, however, no responsibility is assumed for possible inaccuracies or omissions. All specifications are subject to change without notice.
PA09U REV K AUGUST 2005 2005 Apex Microtechnology Corp.
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